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Request or Orders

The order (imperative) form in Japanese can be made in several politeness levels. Just note that the casual forms can be seen as very rough and inpolite.

Polite level

The polite level order form is made as an request using the -te form of a verb, and adding kudasai.

  • 聞いてください
    kiite kudasai
    Please listen
  • 吸わないでください。
    suwanaide kudasai
    Please do not smoke.

Casual Level

The casual request / order form is just the plain -te form of a word. 

  • 聞いて
    kiite
    Listen.
  • 吸わないで。
    suwanaide
    Don't smoke.

Teinei - Formal Polite Level

When talking teinei, the formal polite language, many words are exchanged to completely different words. Here are some examples of how you can do for words that does not have a special word in teineigo.

 

  • おかけください。
    o kake kudasai
    Kindly have a seat.

 

  • 御かけにならないでください。
    o kake ni naranaide kudasai

    Kindly refrain from sitting down.

Rough Orders

Rough orders are done differently depending on the verb group.This form is rarely used except from when fighting, so please be very careful when using it.

  • Group 3 (suru, kuru) : only two examples
    yare / yaruna, koi/kuruna
  • Group 2 (-eru => -ero , -iru => -iro) : Change the end to -ero or -iro respectively for positive orders. For negative orders, just add na after the plain positive form.
  • Group 1 (other verbs) : Change the last -u in the plain positive form to -e to make the positive order. For negative orders, just add na after the plain positive form.
Examples
  • 聞け!
    kike! (from kiku, verb group 1)
    Listen!
  • 座れ!
    suware! (from suwaru, verb group 1)
    Sit down!
  • 食べろ!
    tabero! (from taberu, verb group 2)
    Eat!
  • 見ろ!
    miro! (from miru, verb group 2)
    Look!
  • 来い!
    koi! (from kuru, verb group 3)
    Come!
  • ここで吸うな!
    koko de suu na.
    Don't smoke!
Comments (4)
Thank you for the lesson!
4 Wednesday, 30 September 2009 13:52
seouldavid
I'd like to read a little more explanation about teinei form.
Polite one
3 Thursday, 25 June 2009 22:03
Shizu
If you're living in Japan or visiting temporarily and have opportunity to talk with someone, you'd better remember polite one at least, I think. We might not be care even if you use rude expression because you're foreigner, but some of us might hurt by that.
teinei
2 Wednesday, 24 June 2009 19:25
Alynne07
is it reeeeeeaaaaaally important 2 learn it??
Good Lessons
1 Saturday, 13 June 2009 07:52
kophyoe
:lol: :mrgreen:
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