Japanese Reference
In this Japanese language reference section you will find the basic grammar concepts of Japanese and much more.
Japanese grammar is not that hard. The rules are clear, and the exceptions few. Start by checking out the pages listed under Basic Language, and then dive into various topics and concepts led by your interest and lust for exploration.
Basic Language
Word Types
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- Nouns
- Adjectives
- Pronouns
Covers words for me/you such as watashi, kare, anata, ore etc.
- Particles
Covering the particles: wa, ga, o, no, ni, de, e, kara, made, mo, to, ya, ga, ka, nagara, ne, yo
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Grammatical Constructs
- Requests and Orders
- Wishes, want to do (-tai, -tagari, hoshii)
- Comparisons (to.. ga ii, yori/hodo)
- Experience (koto ga aru, keiken)
- Ability to do, can do (koto ga dekiru, potential form)
- Explanation (no desu)
- Giving and Receiving (kureru, morau, ageru)
- Intention
- I wonder (deshou, darou)
- Nominalization
- Opinion and Thought (omou, kangaeru)
- Reason (kara, node)
- Starting an action
- Quotation (to, tte)
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Other Key Concepts
Acknowledgements of Original Work
The grammar section contains a modified version of Keith Smillie's "Some Notes on Japanese Grammar", published for your personal use, with the kind permission of Keith. I would also like to thank Jim Breen for his contributions to Keiths work.
Some Notes on Japanese Grammar
KEITH SMILLIE - http://www.cs.ualberta.ca/~smillie/
No claim is made for either originality or completeness in these notes. Most of the examples have been taken from, or have been suggested by, the references given at the end. The topics chosen are those which may benefit a person who is beginning to study Japanese and who would like a quick reference to supplement more complete and authoritative sources.
Acknowledgements and References
Appendix. A Few Verbs
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-masen: negative present/future polite ending
-mashita: past polite ending
You can read more about these on the following page:
http://www.studyjapanese.org/content/view/53/60/
I have never seen an explanation of -mashite. I think its usage in some polite formulas (hajimemashite, dou itashimashite) is a relic of grammatical forms which are no longer used for most verbs, but I am not sure about this.
you should put something up about how to make suggestions, like, "why don't you~" and such, I always forget how to do that.
Some ways of saying why are "doushite", "nan de" and "naze". Two of these are listed on the "Questions - ka" page, but there are no examples there, unfortunately.
You may also find the page http://www.guidetojapanese.org/question.html at Tae Kim's site helpful.
And i have studied on many.